
Surface conduction by leaked battery electrolyte- These old LED watch circuits are voltage switched and it really needs very, very little leakage current through the paint and accumulated gunge of 30+ years to make them misbehave (think Ohm's law and a clean circuit resistance of perhaps 200 MegOhms compared to mucky corcuit where it may drop to 200 KOhms). I must admit I always wash a circuit board first before I reach for the soldering iron- many quartz oscillator "faults" are simply the surface conduction ruinning the bias in the oscillator circuit and stopping the oscillator dead. Most people cure this by changing the crystal in which case the flux in the solder cleans off the contaminants and a miraculous recovery is made- I have tested many, many replaced crystals and practically all were good.
Vinegar is for fish & chips! Dilute formic acid has far fewer foody contaminants.